Ak Mosque, also known as Ak-Maszhid, stands as a testament to Khiva’s rich history and architectural prowess. Situated within the ancient walls of Ichan Kala, the historic inner city of Khiva, this mosque holds cultural and spiritual significance. As you step into the heart of Khiva, Ak Mosque beckons with its intricate design and echoes of bygone eras.
The mosque dates back to the early 19th century, constructed during the reign of Allakuli Khan. Its name, “Ak,” translates to “white” in Turkic languages, possibly derived from the color of its distinctive façade. Ak Mosque is a part of the architectural ensemble that includes the adjacent Islam Khoja Madrasah, forming a harmonious blend of spiritual and educational elements.
The façade of Ak Mosque is a masterpiece of Khivan architecture, adorned with delicate blue tilework, intricate geometric patterns, and verses from the Quran. The combination of white and blue creates a striking visual impact, showcasing the skilled craftsmanship prevalent in the region during that period.
Upon entering the mosque, visitors are greeted by a tranquil and prayerful atmosphere. The interior features a spacious prayer hall with a simple yet elegant design. The mihrab, indicating the direction of Mecca, and the minbar, the pulpit, are essential elements in the mosque’s layout. The ceiling, supported by carved wooden pillars, adds to the overall aesthetic appeal.
One of the notable aspects of Ak Mosque is its elevated location, providing panoramic views of Ichan Kala. Climbing to the mosque’s rooftop unveils a breathtaking vista of the ancient city, with its minarets, madrasahs, and the majestic Kunya-Ark Citadel.
The architectural structure of Ak Mosque is characterized by a central domed hall, complemented by three adjoining galleries. Serving as a quarter mosque for daily prayers, Ak Mosque was designed and adorned with a focus on simplicity, devoid of excessive ornamentation. Notably, the mosque’s doors and windows stand out with exquisite wood engravings, representing the sole embellishments within the prayer space.
The mosque’s windows exhibit intricate ganj grids, forming a polyfoil pattern that adds a touch of elegance. The southern wall of Ak Mosque houses the mihrab, guiding worshipers towards Mecca during prayer sessions. The foundational layout is a square, topped by a hemispherical dome adorned in white.
The prayer hall itself spans dimensions of 6.33×6.35 meters, its walls adorned with ganj plasterwork in a pristine white hue. Surrounding the hall on three sides are aivans, featuring wooden columns that contribute to the architectural charm of the mosque.
Despite its modest proportions, Ak Mosque stands as one of medieval Khiva’s most aesthetically pleasing monuments. Its architecture, characterized by a harmonious blend of simplicity and sophistication, distinguishes it favorably within the historic context of Ichan Kala. The mosque’s unassuming yet refined design sets it apart, creating a distinctive allure amidst the array of monuments that grace Khiva’s ancient landscape.
Adjacent to Ak Mosque is the Islam Khoja Madrasah, which complements the mosque’s architecture. The madrasah served as a center for learning, fostering knowledge in various fields, including science, theology, and the arts.
Visitors to Ak Mosque can immerse themselves in the spiritual ambiance, marvel at the architectural details, and appreciate the historical significance of this sacred site. Exploring the surrounding areas within Ichan Kala, such as the Kunya-Ark Citadel, Juma Mosque, and Mohammed Rakhim Khan Madrasah, adds depth to the cultural journey through Khiva’s past.
Ak Mosque, with its timeless beauty and cultural resonance, invites travelers to connect with the heritage of Khiva and witness the enduring legacy of Uzbekistan’s architectural marvels.