Janbas-Kala, known as the “Fortress of Infidels,” is an ancient settlement dating back to the antique period of Ancient Khorezm’s history. This period, known as the era of “thousands cities,” is divided into two stages: Kanguy and Kushan. Janbas-Kala’s foundation is attributed to the first Kanguy stage, with its establishment estimated between the 4th century BC and the 1st century AD, as determined by S.P. Tolstov.
Situated prominently in the northern-eastern region of the “Lands of Ancient Irrigation,” Janbas-Kala occupies a strategic location on the north-western slope of a desert elevation. The fortress is constructed in the shape of a rather regular triangle, with dimensions of approximately 200 by 170 meters. Its orientation to the cardinal directions and its relatively preserved state can be attributed to the accumulation of sand-drifts that covered its walls over the centuries.
Impressively, the walls of Janbas-Kala stand nearly 10 meters tall, indicating the scale and defensive nature of the fortress. Unlike other fortresses of the time, Janbas-Kala does not feature corner towers, a unique architectural characteristic. Instead, a structure in front of the gates provided a strategic advantage, enabling defenders to target invaders in the narrow corridor leading to the entrance.
